Four book models with different sewing structures were created to explore rebinding options for the Book of Hours (MS M.1052) and Carmina (MS M.420). The manuscript’s text and illuminations are positioned close to the gutter, and its media—particularly the black writing ink—remains unstable even after consolidation. To minimize stress on the parchment while ensuring the book opens flat, I tested various sewing structures.

Book Model I is a historical reconstruction, replicating how the book might have originally appeared as a late 15th-century Italian (Neapolitan) binding, sewn on split alum-tawed thongs. Book Model II, one of three test structures, features deeply sawn sewing holes to replicate those in M.1052 and is sewn on single curled alum-tawed thongs. Book Model III also has deeply sawn sewing holes but is sewn unsupported. Book Model IV was added later to incorporate contemporary-style brass clasps. While making this model, I also tested another sewing structure—sewn on split alum-tawed thongs.

Once completed, it became clear that the tight-back Model I had the most restricted opening, while Models II and III allowed for wide openings with minimal difference between them. Model IV also opened widely but not as much as II and III. Based on these results, I selected the structure of Model II for the rebinding, as it provides a sufficiently wide opening while maintaining structural support.